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Metadata-Version: 2.1
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Name: fastapi
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Version: 0.81.0
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Summary: FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production
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Home-page: https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
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Author: Sebastián Ramírez
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Author-email: tiangolo@gmail.com
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Requires-Python: >=3.6.1
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Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
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Classifier: Intended Audience :: Information Technology
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Classifier: Intended Audience :: System Administrators
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Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
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Classifier: Topic :: Internet
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Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Application Frameworks
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Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
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Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
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Classifier: Topic :: Software Development
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Classifier: Typing :: Typed
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Classifier: Development Status :: 4 - Beta
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Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
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Classifier: Framework :: AsyncIO
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Classifier: Framework :: FastAPI
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Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
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Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
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Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: HTTP Servers
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Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP
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Requires-Dist: starlette==0.19.1
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Requires-Dist: pydantic >=1.6.2,!=1.7,!=1.7.1,!=1.7.2,!=1.7.3,!=1.8,!=1.8.1,<2.0.0
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Requires-Dist: requests >=2.24.0,<3.0.0 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: jinja2 >=2.11.2,<4.0.0 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: python-multipart >=0.0.5,<0.0.6 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: itsdangerous >=1.1.0,<3.0.0 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: pyyaml >=5.3.1,<7.0.0 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: ujson >=4.0.1,!=4.0.2,!=4.1.0,!=4.2.0,!=4.3.0,!=5.0.0,!=5.1.0,<6.0.0 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: orjson >=3.2.1,<4.0.0 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: email_validator >=1.1.1,<2.0.0 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: uvicorn[standard] >=0.12.0,<0.18.0 ; extra == "all"
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Requires-Dist: python-jose[cryptography] >=3.3.0,<4.0.0 ; extra == "dev"
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Requires-Dist: passlib[bcrypt] >=1.7.2,<2.0.0 ; extra == "dev"
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Requires-Dist: autoflake >=1.4.0,<2.0.0 ; extra == "dev"
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Requires-Dist: flake8 >=3.8.3,<6.0.0 ; extra == "dev"
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Requires-Dist: uvicorn[standard] >=0.12.0,<0.18.0 ; extra == "dev"
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Requires-Dist: pre-commit >=2.17.0,<3.0.0 ; extra == "dev"
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Requires-Dist: mkdocs >=1.1.2,<2.0.0 ; extra == "doc"
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Requires-Dist: mkdocs-material >=8.1.4,<9.0.0 ; extra == "doc"
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Requires-Dist: mdx-include >=1.4.1,<2.0.0 ; extra == "doc"
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Requires-Dist: mkdocs-markdownextradata-plugin >=0.1.7,<0.3.0 ; extra == "doc"
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Requires-Dist: typer >=0.4.1,<0.5.0 ; extra == "doc"
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Requires-Dist: pyyaml >=5.3.1,<7.0.0 ; extra == "doc"
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Requires-Dist: pytest >=6.2.4,<7.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: pytest-cov >=2.12.0,<4.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: mypy ==0.910 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: flake8 >=3.8.3,<6.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: black == 22.3.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: isort >=5.0.6,<6.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: requests >=2.24.0,<3.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: httpx >=0.14.0,<0.19.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: email_validator >=1.1.1,<2.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: sqlalchemy >=1.3.18,<1.5.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: peewee >=3.13.3,<4.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: databases[sqlite] >=0.3.2,<0.6.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: orjson >=3.2.1,<4.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: ujson >=4.0.1,!=4.0.2,!=4.1.0,!=4.2.0,!=4.3.0,!=5.0.0,!=5.1.0,<6.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: python-multipart >=0.0.5,<0.0.6 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: flask >=1.1.2,<3.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: anyio[trio] >=3.2.1,<4.0.0 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: types-ujson ==4.2.1 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: types-orjson ==3.6.2 ; extra == "test"
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Requires-Dist: types-dataclasses ==0.6.5 ; extra == "test" and ( python_version<'3.7')
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Project-URL: Documentation, https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/
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Provides-Extra: all
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Provides-Extra: dev
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Provides-Extra: doc
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Provides-Extra: test
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-teal.png" alt="FastAPI"></a>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<em>FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production</em>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/actions?query=workflow%3ATest+event%3Apush+branch%3Amaster" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/workflows/Test/badge.svg?event=push&branch=master" alt="Test">
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</a>
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<a href="https://codecov.io/gh/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi?color=%2334D058" alt="Coverage">
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</a>
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<a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
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</a>
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<a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/fastapi.svg?color=%2334D058" alt="Supported Python versions">
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</a>
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</p>
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---
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**Documentation**: <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com" target="_blank">https://fastapi.tiangolo.com</a>
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**Source Code**: <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi</a>
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---
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FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+ based on standard Python type hints.
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The key features are:
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* **Fast**: Very high performance, on par with **NodeJS** and **Go** (thanks to Starlette and Pydantic). [One of the fastest Python frameworks available](#performance).
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* **Fast to code**: Increase the speed to develop features by about 200% to 300%. *
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* **Fewer bugs**: Reduce about 40% of human (developer) induced errors. *
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* **Intuitive**: Great editor support. <abbr title="also known as auto-complete, autocompletion, IntelliSense">Completion</abbr> everywhere. Less time debugging.
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* **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
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* **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration. Fewer bugs.
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* **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.
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* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
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<small>* estimation based on tests on an internal development team, building production applications.</small>
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## Sponsors
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<!-- sponsors -->
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<a href="https://bit.ly/3dmXC5S" target="_blank" title="The data structure for unstructured multimodal data"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/docarray.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://bit.ly/3JJ7y5C" target="_blank" title="Build cross-modal and multimodal applications on the cloud"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/jina2.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://cryptapi.io/" target="_blank" title="CryptAPI: Your easy to use, secure and privacy oriented payment gateway."><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/cryptapi.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://app.imgwhale.xyz/" target="_blank" title="The ultimate solution to unlimited and forever cloud storage."><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/imgwhale.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://doist.com/careers/9B437B1615-wa-senior-backend-engineer-python" target="_blank" title="Help us migrate doist to FastAPI"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/doist.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://www.deta.sh/?ref=fastapi" target="_blank" title="The launchpad for all your (team's) ideas"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/deta.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://www.investsuite.com/jobs" target="_blank" title="Wealthtech jobs with FastAPI"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/investsuite.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://training.talkpython.fm/fastapi-courses" target="_blank" title="FastAPI video courses on demand from people you trust"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/talkpython.png"></a>
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<a href="https://testdriven.io/courses/tdd-fastapi/" target="_blank" title="Learn to build high-quality web apps with best practices"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/testdriven.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://github.com/deepset-ai/haystack/" target="_blank" title="Build powerful search from composable, open source building blocks"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/haystack-fastapi.svg"></a>
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<a href="https://www.udemy.com/course/fastapi-rest/" target="_blank" title="Learn FastAPI by building a complete project. Extend your knowledge on advanced web development-AWS, Payments, Emails."><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/ines-course.jpg"></a>
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<a href="https://careers.budget-insight.com/" target="_blank" title="Budget Insight is hiring!"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/budget-insight.svg"></a>
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<!-- /sponsors -->
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<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-people/#sponsors" class="external-link" target="_blank">Other sponsors</a>
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## Opinions
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"_[...] I'm using **FastAPI** a ton these days. [...] I'm actually planning to use it for all of my team's **ML services at Microsoft**. Some of them are getting integrated into the core **Windows** product and some **Office** products._"
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<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Kabir Khan - <strong>Microsoft</strong> <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/26" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
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---
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"_We adopted the **FastAPI** library to spawn a **REST** server that can be queried to obtain **predictions**. [for Ludwig]_"
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<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Piero Molino, Yaroslav Dudin, and Sai Sumanth Miryala - <strong>Uber</strong> <a href="https://eng.uber.com/ludwig-v0-2/" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
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---
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"_**Netflix** is pleased to announce the open-source release of our **crisis management** orchestration framework: **Dispatch**! [built with **FastAPI**]_"
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<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Kevin Glisson, Marc Vilanova, Forest Monsen - <strong>Netflix</strong> <a href="https://netflixtechblog.com/introducing-dispatch-da4b8a2a8072" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
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---
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"_I’m over the moon excited about **FastAPI**. It’s so fun!_"
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<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Brian Okken - <strong><a href="https://pythonbytes.fm/episodes/show/123/time-to-right-the-py-wrongs?time_in_sec=855" target="_blank">Python Bytes</a> podcast host</strong> <a href="https://twitter.com/brianokken/status/1112220079972728832" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
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---
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"_Honestly, what you've built looks super solid and polished. In many ways, it's what I wanted **Hug** to be - it's really inspiring to see someone build that._"
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<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="https://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
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---
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"_If you're looking to learn one **modern framework** for building REST APIs, check out **FastAPI** [...] It's fast, easy to use and easy to learn [...]_"
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"_We've switched over to **FastAPI** for our **APIs** [...] I think you'll like it [...]_"
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<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Ines Montani - Matthew Honnibal - <strong><a href="https://explosion.ai" target="_blank">Explosion AI</a> founders - <a href="https://spacy.io" target="_blank">spaCy</a> creators</strong> <a href="https://twitter.com/_inesmontani/status/1144173225322143744" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a> - <a href="https://twitter.com/honnibal/status/1144031421859655680" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
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---
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## **Typer**, the FastAPI of CLIs
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<a href="https://typer.tiangolo.com" target="_blank"><img src="https://typer.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-margin-vector.svg" style="width: 20%;"></a>
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If you are building a <abbr title="Command Line Interface">CLI</abbr> app to be used in the terminal instead of a web API, check out <a href="https://typer.tiangolo.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Typer**</a>.
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**Typer** is FastAPI's little sibling. And it's intended to be the **FastAPI of CLIs**. ⌨️ 🚀
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## Requirements
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Python 3.6+
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FastAPI stands on the shoulders of giants:
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* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> for the web parts.
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* <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> for the data parts.
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## Installation
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<div class="termy">
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```console
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$ pip install fastapi
|
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---> 100%
|
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```
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</div>
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You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
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<div class="termy">
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```console
|
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$ pip install "uvicorn[standard]"
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---> 100%
|
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```
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</div>
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## Example
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### Create it
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* Create a file `main.py` with:
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```Python
|
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from typing import Union
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from fastapi import FastAPI
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app = FastAPI()
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@app.get("/")
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def read_root():
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return {"Hello": "World"}
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@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
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def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
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return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
|
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```
|
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<details markdown="1">
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|
|
<summary>Or use <code>async def</code>...</summary>
|
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|
|
If your code uses `async` / `await`, use `async def`:
|
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|
|
```Python hl_lines="9 14"
|
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|
|
from typing import Union
|
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|
|
from fastapi import FastAPI
|
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app = FastAPI()
|
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|
|
@app.get("/")
|
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|
|
async def read_root():
|
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|
|
return {"Hello": "World"}
|
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|
|
@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
|
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|
|
async def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
|
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|
|
return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
|
|
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|
|
```
|
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|
|
**Note**:
|
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|
|
If you don't know, check the _"In a hurry?"_ section about <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/async/#in-a-hurry" target="_blank">`async` and `await` in the docs</a>.
|
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|
|
</details>
|
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|
|
### Run it
|
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|
|
Run the server with:
|
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|
|
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|
|
<div class="termy">
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
```console
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
|
|
|
|
|
|
INFO: Started reloader process [28720]
|
|
|
|
|
|
INFO: Started server process [28722]
|
|
|
|
|
|
INFO: Waiting for application startup.
|
|
|
|
|
|
INFO: Application startup complete.
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<details markdown="1">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<summary>About the command <code>uvicorn main:app --reload</code>...</summary>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The command `uvicorn main:app` refers to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* `main`: the file `main.py` (the Python "module").
|
|
|
|
|
|
* `app`: the object created inside of `main.py` with the line `app = FastAPI()`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* `--reload`: make the server restart after code changes. Only do this for development.
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Check it
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Open your browser at <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/5?q=somequery" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/5?q=somequery</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You will see the JSON response as:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```JSON
|
|
|
|
|
|
{"item_id": 5, "q": "somequery"}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You already created an API that:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Receives HTTP requests in the _paths_ `/` and `/items/{item_id}`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Both _paths_ take `GET` <em>operations</em> (also known as HTTP _methods_).
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The _path_ `/items/{item_id}` has a _path parameter_ `item_id` that should be an `int`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The _path_ `/items/{item_id}` has an optional `str` _query parameter_ `q`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Interactive API docs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Now go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You will see the automatic interactive API documentation (provided by <a href="https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui" class="external-link" target="_blank">Swagger UI</a>):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Alternative API docs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
And now, go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You will see the alternative automatic documentation (provided by <a href="https://github.com/Rebilly/ReDoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">ReDoc</a>):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Example upgrade
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Now modify the file `main.py` to receive a body from a `PUT` request.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Declare the body using standard Python types, thanks to Pydantic.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```Python hl_lines="4 9-12 25-27"
|
|
|
|
|
|
from typing import Union
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
from fastapi import FastAPI
|
|
|
|
|
|
from pydantic import BaseModel
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
app = FastAPI()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Item(BaseModel):
|
|
|
|
|
|
name: str
|
|
|
|
|
|
price: float
|
|
|
|
|
|
is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@app.get("/")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def read_root():
|
|
|
|
|
|
return {"Hello": "World"}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
|
|
|
|
|
|
return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
|
|
|
|
|
|
return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The server should reload automatically (because you added `--reload` to the `uvicorn` command above).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Interactive API docs upgrade
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Now go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The interactive API documentation will be automatically updated, including the new body:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Click on the button "Try it out", it allows you to fill the parameters and directly interact with the API:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Then click on the "Execute" button, the user interface will communicate with your API, send the parameters, get the results and show them on the screen:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Alternative API docs upgrade
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
And now, go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The alternative documentation will also reflect the new query parameter and body:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Recap
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In summary, you declare **once** the types of parameters, body, etc. as function parameters.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You do that with standard modern Python types.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You don't have to learn a new syntax, the methods or classes of a specific library, etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Just standard **Python 3.6+**.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For example, for an `int`:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```Python
|
|
|
|
|
|
item_id: int
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
or for a more complex `Item` model:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```Python
|
|
|
|
|
|
item: Item
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
...and with that single declaration you get:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Editor support, including:
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Completion.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Type checks.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Validation of data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Automatic and clear errors when the data is invalid.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Validation even for deeply nested JSON objects.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* <abbr title="also known as: serialization, parsing, marshalling">Conversion</abbr> of input data: coming from the network to Python data and types. Reading from:
|
|
|
|
|
|
* JSON.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Path parameters.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Query parameters.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Cookies.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Headers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Forms.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Files.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* <abbr title="also known as: serialization, parsing, marshalling">Conversion</abbr> of output data: converting from Python data and types to network data (as JSON):
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Convert Python types (`str`, `int`, `float`, `bool`, `list`, etc).
|
|
|
|
|
|
* `datetime` objects.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* `UUID` objects.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Database models.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ...and many more.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Automatic interactive API documentation, including 2 alternative user interfaces:
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Swagger UI.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ReDoc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Coming back to the previous code example, **FastAPI** will:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Validate that there is an `item_id` in the path for `GET` and `PUT` requests.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Validate that the `item_id` is of type `int` for `GET` and `PUT` requests.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* If it is not, the client will see a useful, clear error.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Check if there is an optional query parameter named `q` (as in `http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo?q=somequery`) for `GET` requests.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* As the `q` parameter is declared with `= None`, it is optional.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Without the `None` it would be required (as is the body in the case with `PUT`).
|
|
|
|
|
|
* For `PUT` requests to `/items/{item_id}`, Read the body as JSON:
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Check that it has a required attribute `name` that should be a `str`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Check that it has a required attribute `price` that has to be a `float`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Check that it has an optional attribute `is_offer`, that should be a `bool`, if present.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* All this would also work for deeply nested JSON objects.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Convert from and to JSON automatically.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Document everything with OpenAPI, that can be used by:
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Interactive documentation systems.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Automatic client code generation systems, for many languages.
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Provide 2 interactive documentation web interfaces directly.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We just scratched the surface, but you already get the idea of how it all works.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Try changing the line with:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```Python
|
|
|
|
|
|
return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
...from:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```Python
|
|
|
|
|
|
... "item_name": item.name ...
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
...to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```Python
|
|
|
|
|
|
... "item_price": item.price ...
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
...and see how your editor will auto-complete the attributes and know their types:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For a more complete example including more features, see the <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/">Tutorial - User Guide</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Spoiler alert**: the tutorial - user guide includes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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* Declaration of **parameters** from other different places as: **headers**, **cookies**, **form fields** and **files**.
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* How to set **validation constraints** as `maximum_length` or `regex`.
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* A very powerful and easy to use **<abbr title="also known as components, resources, providers, services, injectables">Dependency Injection</abbr>** system.
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* Security and authentication, including support for **OAuth2** with **JWT tokens** and **HTTP Basic** auth.
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* More advanced (but equally easy) techniques for declaring **deeply nested JSON models** (thanks to Pydantic).
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* **GraphQL** integration with <a href="https://strawberry.rocks" class="external-link" target="_blank">Strawberry</a> and other libraries.
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* Many extra features (thanks to Starlette) as:
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* **WebSockets**
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* extremely easy tests based on `requests` and `pytest`
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* **CORS**
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* **Cookie Sessions**
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* ...and more.
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## Performance
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Independent TechEmpower benchmarks show **FastAPI** applications running under Uvicorn as <a href="https://www.techempower.com/benchmarks/#section=test&runid=7464e520-0dc2-473d-bd34-dbdfd7e85911&hw=ph&test=query&l=zijzen-7" class="external-link" target="_blank">one of the fastest Python frameworks available</a>, only below Starlette and Uvicorn themselves (used internally by FastAPI). (*)
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To understand more about it, see the section <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/benchmarks/" class="internal-link" target="_blank">Benchmarks</a>.
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## Optional Dependencies
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Used by Pydantic:
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* <a href="https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson" target="_blank"><code>ujson</code></a> - for faster JSON <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>.
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* <a href="https://github.com/JoshData/python-email-validator" target="_blank"><code>email_validator</code></a> - for email validation.
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Used by Starlette:
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* <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
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* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
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* <a href="https://andrew-d.github.io/python-multipart/" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Required if you want to support form <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>, with `request.form()`.
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* <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Required for `SessionMiddleware` support.
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* <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Required for Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` support (you probably don't need it with FastAPI).
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* <a href="https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson" target="_blank"><code>ujson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `UJSONResponse`.
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Used by FastAPI / Starlette:
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* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
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* <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
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You can install all of these with `pip install "fastapi[all]"`.
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## License
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This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.
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